Asprotect 32
Author: p | 2025-04-24
New releases of ASPack, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. ASProtect 32; ASProtect 64; ASObfuscator; Download; Forum; Contacts; ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect
New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect
Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复的总结及练习关于Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复, loveboom的《ASPROTECT 2.x 脱壳系列》已经非常的全面与经典. pc007.com 版权所有本人在此只是依葫芦画瓢, 并将有些地方再详细的解释一下, 给菜鸟们脱Asprotect V2.X时进行参考, 高手就不要看了. pc007.com 先在理论上研讨一下, 由于编译器的不一样, C 与 Delphi 所编译的汇编结果有差别, Asprotect 加壳时处理的也不一样. 本文来自 pc007.com先假设有一程序: 007电脑资讯OEP: 00401000IAT: 00407000 - 00407FFF在00401100 CALL DLL1.API1在00401180 CALL DLL1.API2 pc007.comOspr 加壳后, 好多的API CALL 被改成 CALL 12000000 007电脑资讯然后开始研究. 007电脑资讯1. C/C++ Program pc007.com1.1) 未被加壳的程序 007电脑资讯00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 FF15 00704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407000] ; DLL1.API100401106 ...00401180 FF15 04704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407004] ; DLL1.API200401186 ... 007电脑资讯********* IAT 可能是这样的 ************00407000 DD 7C571000 // DLL1.API100407004 DD 7C572000 // DLL1.API2...004070FC DD 00000000 pc007.com 00407100 DD 7D00XXXX // DLL2.API1...004071FC DD 00000000 pc007.com ... pc007.com 版权所有 00407F00 DD 7F00XXXX // DLLn.API1...00407FFC DD 00000000 pc007.com 版权所有 pc007.com1.2) 被 Asprotect 加壳后的程序在OEP 欢迎访问007电脑资讯00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 E8 FBEEBF11 CALL 12000000 ; 壳00401105 ??00401106 ...00401180 E8 7BEEBF11 CALL 12000000 ; 壳 www.pc007.com00401185 ??00401186 ... pc007.com*************IAT************************00407000 DD ???????? // 被加密的 DLL1.API1 信息00407004 DD 7C572000 // 未加密的 DLL1.API2 007电脑资讯ASPR 将许多的API CALL 都改成了统一的 CALL 12000000 即改 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[xxxxx] 成 CALL 12000000 pc007.com本文来自 pc007.com作 者: blackeyes www.pc007.com关于Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复, loveboom的《ASPROTECT 2.x 脱壳系列》已经非常的全面与经典. 本文来自 pc007.com 本人在此只是依葫芦画瓢, 并将有些地方再详细的解释一下, 给菜鸟们脱Asprotect V2.X时进行参考, 高手就不要看了. pc007.com 版权所有 先在理论上研讨一下, 由于编译器的不一样, C 与 Delphi 所编译的汇编结果有差别, Asprotect 加壳时处理的也不一样. 007电脑资讯 先假设有一程序: pc007.com 版权所有OEP: 00401000IAT: 00407000 - 00407FFF在00401100 CALL DLL1.API1在00401180 CALL DLL1.API2 007电脑资讯Ospr 加壳后, 好多的API CALL 被改成 CALL 12000000 pc007.com 然后开始研究. www.pc007.com1. C/C++ Program 欢迎访问007电脑资讯 1.1) 未被加壳的程序 www.pc007.com00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 FF15 00704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407000] ; DLL1.API100401106 ...00401180 FF15 04704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407004] ;. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. ASProtect 32; ASProtect 64; ASObfuscator; Download; Forum; Contacts; ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect 64. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. Softpedia Labs: ASPack, ASProtect 32 and ASProtect % Clean. New releases of ASPack, ASProtect, ASProtect 32, and ASProtect .2025. Our Site Has D3DKMTCreateAllocation() and D3DKMTRender(), leading to specific kernel mode exception and BSOD the guest system. If the undocumented svga.wddm.enableCmdErrorBSOD flag is disabled, the driver will page-fault on an internal context object instead. Vendor Advisory Windows| mpengine.dllCVE-2021-31985Jan 16, 2023Exploiting the Windows Defender AsProtect Heap Overflow VulnerabilityIn the security updates of June 2021, Microsoft patched a heap buffer overflow in the Windows Defender mpengine.dll assigned as CVE-2021-31985. The vulnerability was found by Google Project Zero (GP0) and reported on May 25, 2021.The Windows Defender Antivirus scans packed binaries by emulating them in its virtual machine, the Defender Emulator, and takes over the unpacking when certain signatures are detected. One of these is AsProtect. To execute AsProtect packer bytecode, it has to reconstruct an embedded VM DLL supplied by this “external” packed binary. A lack of sanitization on the sections relative-virtual-address (RVA) allows a memcpy-style heap overflow with controllable data, size and offset. These primitives could lead to remote code execution as NT Authority\SYSTEM privileges.In this blog post, first we recap the root-cause analysis of this vulnerability from the original GP0 issue tracker1. Next we discuss how CVE-2021-31985 can be exploited based on the in-the-wild (ITW) sample of CVE-2021-1647. Finally we end this blog post with a parting remark on how a change in an object layout from mpengine.dll 1.1.18100 onwards breaks the exploitation technique used here.Read More Windows| CLFS.sysCVE-2022-24521Apr 25, 2022Analysing and Exploiting the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Logic-Error VulnerabilityIn the security updates of April 2022, Microsoft patched two vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-24481 and CVE-2022-24521) in the CLFS.sys driver. The CLFS kernel component first gain popularity as an attack vector to escape browser sandboxes in 2016. Since then, although this feature is now disabled in popular sandboxes, it is still being frequently abused to escalate privileges locally in Windows.In this blog post, weComments
Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复的总结及练习关于Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复, loveboom的《ASPROTECT 2.x 脱壳系列》已经非常的全面与经典. pc007.com 版权所有本人在此只是依葫芦画瓢, 并将有些地方再详细的解释一下, 给菜鸟们脱Asprotect V2.X时进行参考, 高手就不要看了. pc007.com 先在理论上研讨一下, 由于编译器的不一样, C 与 Delphi 所编译的汇编结果有差别, Asprotect 加壳时处理的也不一样. 本文来自 pc007.com先假设有一程序: 007电脑资讯OEP: 00401000IAT: 00407000 - 00407FFF在00401100 CALL DLL1.API1在00401180 CALL DLL1.API2 pc007.comOspr 加壳后, 好多的API CALL 被改成 CALL 12000000 007电脑资讯然后开始研究. 007电脑资讯1. C/C++ Program pc007.com1.1) 未被加壳的程序 007电脑资讯00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 FF15 00704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407000] ; DLL1.API100401106 ...00401180 FF15 04704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407004] ; DLL1.API200401186 ... 007电脑资讯********* IAT 可能是这样的 ************00407000 DD 7C571000 // DLL1.API100407004 DD 7C572000 // DLL1.API2...004070FC DD 00000000 pc007.com 00407100 DD 7D00XXXX // DLL2.API1...004071FC DD 00000000 pc007.com ... pc007.com 版权所有 00407F00 DD 7F00XXXX // DLLn.API1...00407FFC DD 00000000 pc007.com 版权所有 pc007.com1.2) 被 Asprotect 加壳后的程序在OEP 欢迎访问007电脑资讯00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 E8 FBEEBF11 CALL 12000000 ; 壳00401105 ??00401106 ...00401180 E8 7BEEBF11 CALL 12000000 ; 壳 www.pc007.com00401185 ??00401186 ... pc007.com*************IAT************************00407000 DD ???????? // 被加密的 DLL1.API1 信息00407004 DD 7C572000 // 未加密的 DLL1.API2 007电脑资讯ASPR 将许多的API CALL 都改成了统一的 CALL 12000000 即改 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[xxxxx] 成 CALL 12000000 pc007.com本文来自 pc007.com作 者: blackeyes www.pc007.com关于Asprotect V2.X 的脱壳与修复, loveboom的《ASPROTECT 2.x 脱壳系列》已经非常的全面与经典. 本文来自 pc007.com 本人在此只是依葫芦画瓢, 并将有些地方再详细的解释一下, 给菜鸟们脱Asprotect V2.X时进行参考, 高手就不要看了. pc007.com 版权所有 先在理论上研讨一下, 由于编译器的不一样, C 与 Delphi 所编译的汇编结果有差别, Asprotect 加壳时处理的也不一样. 007电脑资讯 先假设有一程序: pc007.com 版权所有OEP: 00401000IAT: 00407000 - 00407FFF在00401100 CALL DLL1.API1在00401180 CALL DLL1.API2 007电脑资讯Ospr 加壳后, 好多的API CALL 被改成 CALL 12000000 pc007.com 然后开始研究. www.pc007.com1. C/C++ Program 欢迎访问007电脑资讯 1.1) 未被加壳的程序 www.pc007.com00401000 55 PUSH EBP ; 程序 OEP00401001 8BEC MOV EBP, ESP...00401100 FF15 00704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407000] ; DLL1.API100401106 ...00401180 FF15 04704000 CALL DWORD PTR DS:[00407004] ;
2025-04-21D3DKMTCreateAllocation() and D3DKMTRender(), leading to specific kernel mode exception and BSOD the guest system. If the undocumented svga.wddm.enableCmdErrorBSOD flag is disabled, the driver will page-fault on an internal context object instead. Vendor Advisory Windows| mpengine.dllCVE-2021-31985Jan 16, 2023Exploiting the Windows Defender AsProtect Heap Overflow VulnerabilityIn the security updates of June 2021, Microsoft patched a heap buffer overflow in the Windows Defender mpengine.dll assigned as CVE-2021-31985. The vulnerability was found by Google Project Zero (GP0) and reported on May 25, 2021.The Windows Defender Antivirus scans packed binaries by emulating them in its virtual machine, the Defender Emulator, and takes over the unpacking when certain signatures are detected. One of these is AsProtect. To execute AsProtect packer bytecode, it has to reconstruct an embedded VM DLL supplied by this “external” packed binary. A lack of sanitization on the sections relative-virtual-address (RVA) allows a memcpy-style heap overflow with controllable data, size and offset. These primitives could lead to remote code execution as NT Authority\SYSTEM privileges.In this blog post, first we recap the root-cause analysis of this vulnerability from the original GP0 issue tracker1. Next we discuss how CVE-2021-31985 can be exploited based on the in-the-wild (ITW) sample of CVE-2021-1647. Finally we end this blog post with a parting remark on how a change in an object layout from mpengine.dll 1.1.18100 onwards breaks the exploitation technique used here.Read More Windows| CLFS.sysCVE-2022-24521Apr 25, 2022Analysing and Exploiting the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Logic-Error VulnerabilityIn the security updates of April 2022, Microsoft patched two vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-24481 and CVE-2022-24521) in the CLFS.sys driver. The CLFS kernel component first gain popularity as an attack vector to escape browser sandboxes in 2016. Since then, although this feature is now disabled in popular sandboxes, it is still being frequently abused to escalate privileges locally in Windows.In this blog post, we
2025-04-04Document XML messages to send to the server as well as messages expected back, and you can run automated unit tests at any time. While there is no... Freeware 21 KB Download Tired of Boring Toolbars? Liven up the Word workplace with this attractive set of colored toolbar icons. The complete collection comes with 3 full... Commercial 301 KB Download The Budget Tool Business Excel provides an effective means to generate a budget for up to five years. Full flexibility allows you to add Revenue... Commercial 586.95 KB Download Powerful tool to automate creating VHDL test benches. Supports complex patterns and repeats to describe tests. Modular. Flexible - any variable can... Commercial 219 KB Download NovelPRO is an organizational tool for writers. It allows you to create characters, scenes, ideas - even let's you associate them with a... Commercial 5.49 MB Download Driver tool registration keys in description Information...pricelesInformation...priceles Modern programs do their best to protect you from data loss. Text editors create backup copies of documents, web browsers... Freeware 3.68 MB Download PPC-PROTECT - the system of software protection for Windows CE (PocketPC) applications with ARM core, designed for quick implementation of... Commercial 655 KB Download AVDP is a bundle of three products: AVSD, ANSD and AVUSBD. You'll save 25% if buy the given set instead of buying the abovementioned products... Commercial 0 B Download ASProtect - the system of software protection of applications, designed for quick implementation of application protection functions. ASProtect is... Commercial 502 KB Download SVK Protector is a powerful tool offering both software developers and distributors protection of their software products against unauthorized... Commercial 2.34 MB Download WindowsRescue Gamers Edition (WRGE) is a versatile and powerful reinstallation tool that enables the user to reload all his games, updates, patches... Commercial 8.18 MB Download ACProtect is an application that allows you to protect Windows executable files(PE files) against piracy. Using public keys encryption algorithms... Commercial 1.57 MB Download HardKey System is easy and powerfull license manager and work with short (15-25 chars) keys. Program based on strong asymetric (public keys)... Freeware 7.22 MB Download JavaScript Plus! is an advanced javascript editor for windows.Modern, clean and convenient interface, quick startup, true flexibility and... Commercial 1.71 MB Download EldoS KeyLord lets you arrange confidential information (passwords, account numbers, software registration keys etc.) in a tree, search through it... Commercial 1.41 MB Download
2025-04-10Should I remove DriverDoc?What percent of users and experts removed it?38% remove it62% keep itWhat do people think about it?(click star to rate)How common is it?Global Rank #33,885United States Rank #29,568Reach 0.0037%Lifespan of installation (until removal)782.52 days >Average installed length: 411.16 daysVersionsVersionDistribution10.0100.00%Rankings#33,880 Panda Antivirus Pro 2012#33,881 Yosemite Transformation Pack by Windows X's Live#33,882 BB FlashBack 2 Express by Blueberry Software (UK)#33,883 Mozilla Firefox 4.0.1 (x86 de)#33,884 Droplr for Windows#33,885 DriverDoc#33,886 Tony Hawk's American Wasteland by Aspyr Media#33,887 Street Fighter 2 Plus Champion Edition by GameFabrique#33,888 Memory Manager 4.0 by Creative Memories#33,889 FnacSynchro by OoDrive#33,890 Micromax A110 Drivers(x86) What is DriverDoc?DriverDoc is an application designed to check the computer's installed drivers against a database of available drivers for a number of software and device hardware applications. If driver updates are available the software will automatically download them from the manufacturers web site and install them.About (from Driver-Soft)DriverDoc software is designed to quickly locate the latest drivers specific to your PC through its access to an extensive database of 16,000,000+ drivers. DriverDoc Smart Scan your system and fix the error messages that are driving you crazy. Even custom computer systems are no problem with DriverDoc. Click to start y... Read moreOverviewDuring setup, the program creates a startup registration point in Windows in order to automatically start when any user boots the PC. The primary executable is named driverdoc.exe. The setup package generally installs about 11 files and is usually about 18.74 MB (19,648,857 bytes). The installed file LiveUpdate.exe is the auto-update component of the program which is designed to check for software updates and notify and apply them when new versions are discovered.Program detailsURL: www.driverdoc.comHelp link: www.driverdoc.com/supportInstallation folder: C:\Program Files\DriverDoc\DriverDoc\Uninstaller: "C:\Program Files\DriverDoc\DriverDoc\unins000.exe"Estimated size: 18.74 MBFiles installed by DriverDocProgram executable:driverdoc.exeName:DriverDocPath:C:\Program Files\driverdoc\driverdoc\driverdoc.exeMD5:4ad063d9cd605be64d0187a1e79d62cfAdditional files:TaskTray.exe - Driver Doc Task SchedulerLiveUpdate.exe - LiveUpdateaspr_ide.dll - ASProtect IDE Helperunins000.exe
2025-03-28Antivirus report for whitewinter.exe (4.07 MB) Download3k has downloaded and tested version 1.0 of White Winter Screensaver on 8 Nov 2017 using only the best antivirus engines available Today. We have found it to be clean of any form of badware (viruses, spyware, adware, etc.). You can view the full scan logs below. We will test White Winter Screensaver again on the next version release so make sure you check back for updated reports in the near future. Avast: Clean Avira: Clean Kaspersky: Clean McAfee: Clean NOD32: Clean Detailed logs click + to expand log Avast scan report: Clean whitewinter.exe|>inno.hdr OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\License.txt OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\Code.bin OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\WizardImage.bmp OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\WizardSmallImage.bmp OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\setup.exe|>[Embedded_R#HELPER_EXE_AMD64] OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\setup.exe|>[Embedded_R#HELPER_EXE_IA64] OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\setup.exe|>[Embedded_R#REGDLL_EXE] OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\setup.exe|>[Embedded_R#SHFOLDERDLL] OKwhitewinter.exe|>{embedded}\setup.exe OKwhitewinter.exe|>{app}\homepage.url OKwhitewinter.exe|>{app}\ss.url OKwhitewinter.exe|>{app}\jam.ico OKwhitewinter.exe|>{app}\license.txt OKwhitewinter.exe|>{sys}\White Winter Screensaver.scr|>[ASProtect] OKwhitewinter.exe|>{sys}\White Winter Screensaver.scr OKwhitewinter.exe|>{sys}\White Winter Screensaver.html OKwhitewinter.exe OK# # Number of scanned files: 18# Number of scanned folders: 0# Number of infected files: 0# Total size of scanned files: 10829628# Virus database: 171107-0, 11/07/17# Total scan time: 0:0:1 Avira scan report: Clean Avira / Windows Version 1.9.161.2Copyright (c) 2010 by Avira GmbHAll rights reserved.engine set: 8.3.48.84VDF Version: 7.14.33.150 Scan start time: 11/8/2017 8:03:30 AMCommand line: g:\scancl.exe --nombr --showall --verboselog /a /z /s --log=output.tmp whitewinter.exe configuration file: g:\scancl.confwhitewinter.exe Date: 08.11.2017 Time: 08:02:28 Size: 4270707 Statistics : Directories............... : 0 Archives.................. : 1 Files..................... : 12 Infected.............. : 0 Warnings.............. : 0 Suspicious............ : 0 Infections................ : 0 Time...................... : 00:00:05 Kaspersky scan report: Clean ; --- Settings ---; Action on detect: Disinfect automatically; Scan objects: All objects; Use iChecker: No; Use iSwift: No; Try disinfect: No; Try delete: No; Try delete container: No; Exclude by mask: No; Include by mask: No; Objects to scan: ; "whitewinter.exe" Enable = Yes Recursive = No; ------------------2017-11-08 08:02:40 Scan_Objects$31016 starting 1% 2017-11-08 08:02:40 Scan_Objects$31016 running 1% 2017-11-08 08:02:41 whitewinter.exe archive Inno2017-11-08 08:02:41 whitewinter.exe//exe ok2017-11-08 08:02:41 whitewinter.exe//exe ok2017-11-08 08:02:41 whitewinter.exe//exe ok2017-11-08 08:02:41 whitewinter.exe//exe ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//exe ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//script ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//data0000 ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//data0001 ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//data0002 ok2017-11-08 08:02:49 whitewinter.exe//data0003 ok2017-11-08 08:02:50 whitewinter.exe//data0004 packed PE_Patch2017-11-08 08:02:51 whitewinter.exe//data0004 ok2017-11-08 08:02:51 whitewinter.exe//data0004 packed ASProtect2017-11-08 08:03:30 whitewinter.exe//data0004 ok2017-11-08 08:03:30 whitewinter.exe//data0004 ok2017-11-08 08:03:30 whitewinter.exe//data0004 ok2017-11-08 08:03:30 whitewinter.exe//data0005 ok2017-11-08 08:03:40 whitewinter.exe ok2017-11-08 08:03:44 Scan_Objects$31016 completed ; --- Statistics ---; Time Start: 2017-11-08 08:02:39; Time Finish: 2017-11-08 08:03:44; Processed objects: 16; Total OK: 16; Total detected: 0; Suspicions: 0; Total skipped: 0; Password protected: 0; Corrupted: 0; Errors: 0; ------------------ McAfee scan report: Clean McAfee VirusScan Command Line for Win32 Version: 6.1.0.155Copyright (C) 2016 McAfee, Inc.AV Engine version: 5900.7806 for Win32.Dat set version: 8708 created Nov 7 2017Scanning for 668614 viruses, trojans and variants.2017-Nov-08 08:02:54Options:whitewinter.exe /secure /loud /noboot /nomem /norecall /norename /rptall /rptcor /rpterr /report=output.tmp whitewinter.exe ... is OK.Summary Report on whitewinter.exeFile(s) Total files:................... 1 Clean:......................... 1 Not Scanned:................... 0 Possibly Infected:............. 0Time: 00:00.46 NOD32 scan report: Clean ECLS Command-line scanner, version 10.0.386.0, (C) 1992-2016 ESET, spol. s r.o.Module loader, version 1009 (20161205), build 1014Module perseus, version 1515 (20170330), build 1841Module scanner, version 15314 (20170425), build 33176Module archiver, version 1262 (20170316), build 1308Module advheur, version 1177 (20170220), build 1144Module cleaner, version 1133 (20170323), build 1169Command
2025-04-141.5% is 31.52 32 minus 2% is 31.36 32 minus 2.5% is 31.20 32 minus 3% is 31.04 32 minus 3.5% is 30.88 32 minus 4% is 30.72 32 minus 4.5% is 30.56 32 minus 5% is 30.40 32 minus 5.5% is 30.24 32 minus 6% is 30.08 32 minus 6.5% is 29.92 32 minus 7% is 29.76 32 minus 7.5% is 29.60 32 minus 8% is 29.44 32 minus 8.5% is 29.28 32 minus 9% is 29.12 32 minus 9.5% is 28.96 32 minus 10% is 28.80 32 minus 10.5% is 28.64 32 minus 11% is 28.48 32 minus 11.5% is 28.32 32 minus 12% is 28.16 32 minus 12.5% is 28.00 32 minus 13% is 27.84 32 minus 13.5% is 27.68 32 minus 14% is 27.52 32 minus 14.5% is 27.36 32 minus 15% is 27.20 32 minus 15.5% is 27.04 32 minus 16% is 26.88 32 minus 16.5% is 26.72 32 minus 17% is 26.56 32 minus 17.5% is 26.40 32 minus 18% is 26.24 32 minus 18.5% is 26.08 32 minus 19% is 25.92 32 minus 19.5% is 25.76 32 minus 20% is 25.60 32 minus 21% is 25.28 32 minus 22% is 24.96 32 minus 23% is 24.64 32 minus 24% is 24.32 32 minus 25% is 24.00 32 minus 26% is 23.68 32 minus 27% is 23.36 32 minus 28% is 23.04 32 minus 29% is 22.72 32 minus 30% is 22.40 32 minus 31% is 22.08 32 minus 32% is 21.76 32 minus
2025-04-11